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Passage Three

Do we need laws that prevent us from running risks with our lives? If so, then perhaps laws are needed prohibiting the sale of cigarettes and alcoholic drinks. Both products have been known to kill people. The hazards of drinking too much alcohol are as bad as or worse than the hazards of smoking too many cigarettes. All right then, let’s pass a law closing the liquor stores and the bars in this country. Let’s put an end once and for all to the ruinous disease from which as many as 10 million Americans currently suffer — alcoholism.

But wait. We’ve already tried that. For 13 years, between 1920 and 1933, there were no liquor stores anywhere in the United States. They were shut down abolished by an amendment to the Constitution and by a law of Congress. After January 20, 1920, there was supposed to be no more manufacturing, selling, or transporting of “intoxicating liquors”. Without any more liquor, people could not drink it. And if they did not drink it, how could they get drunk? There would be no more dangers to the public welfare from drunkenness and alcoholism. It was all very logical. And yet prohibition of liquor, beer, and wine did not work. Why?

Because, law or no law, millions of people still liked to drink alcohol. And they were willing to take risks to get it. They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law. And gangs of liquor smugglers made it easy to buy an illegal drink—or two or three. They smuggled millions of gallons of the outlawed beverages across the Canadian and Mexican borders. Drinkers were likely to know of an illegal bar that served Mexican or Canadian liquor. Crime and drunkenness were both supposed to decline as a result of prohibition. Instead, people drank more alcohol than ever — often poisoned alcohol.

On December 5, 1933, they removed Prohibition by approving the 21st Amendment to the Constitution.

66. Which of the following was NOT a characteristic reason for the proposal of the 18th Amendment to the Constitution and the Volstead Act?

A. There would be no further danger to the public from alcoholism.

B. There would be a rise in the cost of alcoholic beverages.

C. Without liquor, people would not drink.

D. People would not become drunk of create a public nuisance.

67. During Prohibition, illegal alcohol was .

A. sold openly

B. no longer a temptation

C. a major factor in the passage of the Volstead Act

D. brought across the Mexican and Canadian borders

68. During Prohibition, people .

A. lived in fear of the law

B. were willing to risk arrest for the pleasure of liquor

C. recklessly endangered their communities

D. were respectful of the legal sanctions placed on them

69. When enacting the prohibition law, government officials assumed that .

A. every American would buy alcohol illegally

B. all criminal activities would cease

C. patrols of the Canadian border would halt the sale of alcohol

D. the social threat from drunkenness would decline

70. It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. the Congress was wise to repeal Prohibition

B. the Prohibition Era was characterized by a decrease in crime and drunkenness

C. during Prohibition, most Americans stopped drinking

D. laws should be passed to ban the sale of alcoholic beverages

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