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    考研英語詞匯(六十一)

    會計碩士MPAcc 責(zé)任編輯:楊曼婷 2022-01-03

    摘要:英語學(xué)習(xí)始于單詞,考研英語大綱當(dāng)中也要求考生至少要熟練掌握5500左右的單詞數(shù)量。以下是希賽網(wǎng)整理的考研英語詞匯(六十一),希望能對各位考生有所幫助。

    考生們多記單詞不僅能幫助自己理解文章,還能在寫作時豐富內(nèi)容。希賽網(wǎng)整理了考研英語常用詞匯(六十一),供各位研考生查看參考。更多考研英語詞匯內(nèi)容,點擊考研英語常用詞匯匯總進(jìn)行查看。

    高頻詞:

    1. establish [??st?bl??] v.

    v. 建立,創(chuàng)立;確立;獲得接受;查實,證實

    常用搭配:establish sb./sth./yourself (in sth.) (as sth.) 確立;使立足;使穩(wěn)固

    例句:The new treaty establishes a free trade zone.

    新條約設(shè)立了自由貿(mào)易區(qū)。

    He has just set up his own business but it will take him a while to get established.

    他剛建立起自己的公司,但要站穩(wěn)腳跟還得花上一段時間。

    The school has established a successful relationship with the local community.

    這所學(xué)校與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)建立了良好的關(guān)系。

    Traditions get established over time.

    傳統(tǒng)是隨著時間的推移而得到認(rèn)可的。

    It has since been established that the horse was drugged.

    此后便證實馬被注射了麻醉藥

    拓展:

    同:build, construct, erect, establish, found, set up

    派:established 確定的;已制定的,已建立的

    establishment 確立,制定;公司;設(shè)施

    2. establishment [??st?bl??m?nt] n.

    n. 確立,制定;公司;設(shè)施

    構(gòu)詞:establish 建立 + ment 行為或結(jié)果 → 建立

    常用搭配:the medical/military/political, etc. establishment 醫(yī)學(xué)界、軍界、政界等當(dāng)權(quán)派

    例句:The hotel is a comfortable and well-run establishment.

    這家旅館環(huán)境舒適且經(jīng)營良好。

    The speaker announced the establishment of a new college.

    發(fā)言人宣布了新學(xué)院的成立。

    Shopkeepers would once have been pillars of the Tory establishment.

    商店店主一度本該成為保守黨統(tǒng)治集團(tuán)的重要支柱。

    拓展:

    同:corporation, facility, company, firm

    派:established 確定的;已制定的,已建立的

    establish 建立;創(chuàng)辦;安置

    3. estimate [?est?m?t , ?est?me?t] n./v.

    n. 估計,估價;判斷,看法

    v. 估計,估量;判斷,評價

    構(gòu)詞:estim 價值 + ate 表動詞 → 估計,估量

    常用搭配:estimate for 對……估價、估計

    estimate at 估計……,估計有……

    cost estimate 成本估算,成本估計

    例句:I can give you a rough estimate of the amount of wood you will need.

    我可以粗略估計一下你所需要的木材量。

    At least 5 000 people were killed, and that’s a conservative estimate.

    至少5 000人喪生,這還是個保守的估計。

    拓展:

    同:evaluate, guess at; computation, appraisal, assessment, evaluation; measure, value

    派:estimable 可估計的;可尊敬的;有價值的

    estimation 估計;尊重

    4. evidence [?ev?d?ns] n./v.

    n. 根據(jù);證明;證據(jù);(法庭上的)證據(jù),證詞,人證,物證

    v. 證明;表明;作為……的證據(jù)

    構(gòu)詞:e 出 + vid 看 + ence 性質(zhì),狀態(tài) → 證據(jù)

    常用搭配:evidence (of/for sth.) / evidence (that...) / evidence (to suggest, show, etc.) 根據(jù);證明;證據(jù)

    (be) in evidence 顯眼;顯而易見

    例句:There is not a shred of evidence that the meeting actually took place.

    沒有絲毫證據(jù)表明這個會議確已舉行。

    On the evidence of their recent matches, it is unlikely the Spanish team will win the cup.

    從西班牙隊最近的比賽情況看,他們不太可能奪冠。

    I was asked to give evidence at the trial.

    我被要求出庭作證。

    The police were much in evidence at today’s demonstration.

    在今天的示威集會上警察隨處可見。

    拓展:

    同:authentication, certification, demonstration, proof; demonstrate, prove, bear witness to

    派:evident 明顯的;明白的

    evidentiary 證據(jù)的

    evidential 證據(jù)的;基于證據(jù)的;提供證據(jù)的;可作證據(jù)的

    evidently 顯然,明顯地;清楚地

    5. evolution [?i?v??lu??n] n.

    n. 演變;進(jìn)化論;進(jìn)展

    構(gòu)詞:e 出 + volu 卷,轉(zhuǎn) + tion 表名詞 → 進(jìn)化

    例句:In politics Britain has preferred evolution to revolution.

    英國在政治上喜歡漸進(jìn)而不喜歡革命。

    Darwin eventually put forward a model of biological evolution.

    達(dá)爾文最終提出了一套生物進(jìn)化的理論模式。

    拓展:

    同:unfolding, Monkey to Man

    派:evolutionary 進(jìn)化的;發(fā)展的;漸進(jìn)的

    evolutionism 進(jìn)化論的

    evolutionist 進(jìn)化論的

    evolutionism 進(jìn)化論

    evolutionist 進(jìn)化論者

    evolve 發(fā)展,進(jìn)展;進(jìn)化;逐步形成

    低頻詞:

    1. director [d??rekt?(r)] n.

    n. 董事,理事,經(jīng)理;負(fù)責(zé)人,主任,經(jīng)理,院長;導(dǎo)演

    例句:The new director has really got things moving.

    新來的主任確實使事情有了進(jìn)展。

    The director took us through the play scene by scene.

    導(dǎo)演一幕一幕地給我們說戲。

    2. directory [d??rekt?ri] n.

    n. 名錄,電話號碼簿,公司名錄;目錄

    構(gòu)詞:direct 指導(dǎo) + ory 物 → 電話目錄

    例句:This command deletes files from the directory.

    這一指令把文檔從目錄中刪除。

    We scoured the telephone directory for clues.

    我們仔細(xì)查閱電話簿以尋找線索。

    拓展:

    同:catalogue, brochure, index

    3. dirt [d??t] n.

    n. 污物,塵土,爛泥;松土,泥土,散土;丑聞,流言飛語

    例句:His clothes were covered in dirt.

    他的衣服沾滿了污垢。

    Dirt had collected in the corners of the room.

    房間的角落里積滿了灰塵。

    拓展:

    同:earth, dust, clay, powder

    派:dirty 下流的,卑鄙的;污穢的;惡劣的;暗淡的

    dirtily 齷齪地;下賤地

    dirtiness 骯臟;污穢

    dirty 變臟,弄臟

    4. dirty [?d??ti] adj./v.

    adj. 骯臟的,齷齪的,污穢的;下流的,色情的,黃色的,猥褻的;令人厭惡的,卑鄙的,不誠實的;不鮮明的,暗淡的;吸毒的

    v. 弄臟,使變臟

    常用搭配:do the dirty on sb. 欺騙;出賣;虧待

    get your hands dirty 做體力工作;體力勞動

    dirty great/big 非常大的;很大的

    例句:I’d never do the dirty on my friends.

    我決不出賣朋友。

    I dirty my trousers when I step on the mud.

    我一腳擩在爛泥里,把褲子弄臟了。

    拓展:

    同:dusty, foul, poor, mean, blue, base, gross; soil, mud, spot

    派:dirtily 齷齪地;下賤地

    dirt 污垢,泥土;灰塵,塵土;下流話

    dirtiness 骯臟;污穢

    5. disable [d?s?e?bl] v.

    v. 使喪失能力,使傷殘;使無效,使不能運轉(zhuǎn)

    構(gòu)詞:dis 除去;剝奪 + able 能 → 剝奪能力 →〔使〕喪失能力

    例句:There is a lack of adequate provision for disabled students.

    為殘疾學(xué)生提供的服務(wù)不夠。

    The burglars gained entry to the building after disabling the alarm.

    竊賊破壞報警器后便得以進(jìn)入大樓。

    拓展:

    派:disabled 殘廢的,有缺陷的

    disablement 殘廢;無資格;損壞

    6. disappoint [?d?s??p??nt] v.

    v. 使失望;使破滅,使落空

    構(gòu)詞:dis 不 + appoint 指派 → 不〔被〕指派 → 使失望

    例句:His latest novel does not disappoint.

    他最近發(fā)表的這部小說沒有使人失望。

    The new government had soon disappointed the hopes of many of its supporters.

    新政府不久便使許多支持者的希望破滅了。

    拓展:

    派:disappointed 失望的,沮喪的;受挫折的

    disappointing 令人失望的;令人掃興的

    disappointedly 失望地

    disappointingly 令人失望地

    disappointment 失望;沮喪

    7. disastrous [d??zɑ?str?s] adj.

    adj. 極糟糕的;災(zāi)難性的;完全失敗的

    例句:Last year’s figures were little short of disastrous.

    去年的數(shù)字簡直是災(zāi)難。

    Lowering interest rates could have disastrous consequences for the economy.

    降低利率可能給經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來災(zāi)難性后果。

    拓展:

    同:sinister, sorrowful

    派:disastrously 悲慘地

    8. disk [d?sk] n.

    n. 磁盤;磁碟

    例句:Every file on the same disk must have a different name.

    同一磁盤上的每一個文件都必須有不同的文件名。

    Always make a backup disk as an insurance policy.

    為保險起見,每次都要做備份磁盤。

    9. discern [d??s??n] v.

    v. 覺察出,識別,了解;(依稀)看出,分辨出,聽出

    構(gòu)詞:dis 完全地;加強(qiáng) + cern 搞清楚,區(qū)別 → 識別

    例句:It is often difficult to discern how widespread public support is.

    了解公眾支持的廣泛程度常常是困難的。

    We could just discern the house in the distance.

    我們只能勉強(qiáng)分辨出遠(yuǎn)處的房子。

    拓展:

    同:detect, recognize, identify

    派:discernible 可辨別的;可識別的

    discerning 有辨識能力的;眼光敏銳的

    discernable 可辨別的;可認(rèn)識的

    discernment 識別;洞察力;敏銳;眼力

    10. disclose [d?s?kl??z] v.

    v. 揭露,透露,泄露;使顯露,使暴露

    構(gòu)詞:dis 不,沒有 + clos 關(guān)閉 + e → 揭發(fā);泄露

    常用搭配:disclose sth. (to sb.) 揭露,透露,泄露

    例句:The report discloses that human error was to blame for the accident.

    報告披露這次事故是人為原因造成的。

    The door swung open, disclosing a long dark passage.

    門開了,露出一條昏暗的長通道。

    拓展:

    同:expose, reveal

    派:disclosure [審計] 披露;揭發(fā);被揭發(fā)出來的事情

    11. discount [?d?ska?nt , d?s?ka?nt] n./v.

    n. 折扣

    v. 認(rèn)為……不重要,對……不全信,低估;打折扣,打折出售

    常用搭配:discount on/off sth. 折扣

    discount sth. as sth. 認(rèn)為……不重要,對……不全信,低估

    例句:Full-time staff get a 20 per cent discount.

    全職員工享受20%的折扣。

    We cannot discount the possibility of further strikes.

    我們不能低估再次發(fā)生罷工的可能性。

    拓展:

    同:agio, rabato

    派:discounter 折扣商店;廉價商店

    12. discourage [d?s?k?r?d?] v.

    v. 阻攔,阻止,勸阻;使灰心,使泄氣,使喪失信心

    構(gòu)詞:dis 除去;剝奪 + courage 勇氣 → 使失去勇氣

    常用搭配:discourage sth./discourage sb. from doing sth.

    阻攔,阻止,勸阻;使灰心,使泄氣,使喪失信心

    例句:His parents tried to discourage him from being an actor..

    他的父母試圖阻止他去當(dāng)演員。

    The weather discouraged people from attending.

    這天氣使得人們不愿意出席。

    拓展:

    同:daunt, stem, block, dispute, prohibit

    派:discouraged 氣餒的

    discouraging 使人沮喪的;令人氣餒的

    discouragingly 使人氣餒地,使人沮喪地;阻止地

    discouragement 氣餒;挫折;勸阻

    13. discourse [?d?sk??s , d?s?k??s] n./v.

    n. 論文,演講;語篇,話語

    v. 講述,論述

    常用搭配:discourse on/upon sth. 講述,論述

    例句:He was hoping for some lively political discourse at the meeting.

    他希望在會上聽到些生動的政治演講。

    He discoursed for several hours on French and English prose.

    他花了幾個小時講述法國和英國的散文。

    拓展:

    同:speech, talk, address, lecture, treatise; orate, speechify

    14. discover [d??sk?v?(r)] v.

    v. 發(fā)現(xiàn);找到,發(fā)覺;了解到,認(rèn)識到,查明;發(fā)現(xiàn)(人才)

    構(gòu)詞:dis 除去 + cover 遮,蓋;蓋子 → 除去覆蓋物 → 發(fā)現(xiàn)

    例句:Cook is credited with discovering Hawaii.

    人們把發(fā)現(xiàn)夏威夷的功勞歸于庫克。

    We never did discover why she gave up her job.

    我們一直弄不清楚她為什么辭職。

    拓展:

    同:uncover, detect

    派:discoverable 發(fā)現(xiàn)的;顯露的;泄露的

    discovery 發(fā)現(xiàn),發(fā)覺;被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物

    discoverer 發(fā)現(xiàn)者

    15. discovery [d??sk?v?ri] n.

    n. 發(fā)現(xiàn),發(fā)覺;被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物(或真相、人)

    構(gòu)詞:discover 發(fā)現(xiàn) + y 行為 → 發(fā)現(xiàn)

    例句:Researchers in this field have made some important new discoveries.

    這個領(lǐng)域的研究人員有了一些重大的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。

    The drug is not a new discovery -- it’s been known about for years.

    這種藥并不是什么新發(fā)現(xiàn)——多年前便為人所知。

    拓展:

    同:detection, occurrence, find

    派:discoverable 發(fā)現(xiàn)的;顯露的;泄露的

    discoverer 發(fā)現(xiàn)者

    discover 發(fā)現(xiàn);發(fā)覺

    16. discreet [d??skri?t] adj.

    adj. 謹(jǐn)慎的,慎重的,考慮周到的

    例句:You ought to make a few discreet enquiries before you sign anything.

    你應(yīng)該審慎地詢問清楚再簽字。

    The two journalists followed at a discreet distance.

    那兩個記者謹(jǐn)慎地保持距離跟在后面。

    拓展:

    同:careful, cautious, prudent, wary

    派:discreetly 謹(jǐn)慎地;小心地

    discreetness 謹(jǐn)慎;用心深遠(yuǎn)

    17. discrepancy [d?s?krep?nsi] n.

    n. 差異;不符合;不一致

    常用搭配:discrepancy in sth./ discrepancy between A and B 差異;不符合;不一致

    例句:At other times the discrepancy was of the order of 20%.

    往常的出入約為20%。

    There was considerable discrepancy between the two accounts of the battle.

    兩份關(guān)于那次戰(zhàn)役的報道大有出入。

    拓展:

    同:conflict, unconformity

    派:discrepant 有差異的;相差的;矛盾的

    18. discrete [d??skri?t] adj.

    adj. 分離的;互不相連的;各別的

    構(gòu)詞:dis 加強(qiáng) + cret 搞清;區(qū)別 + e → 加以區(qū)別 → 不同的

    例句:The organisms can be divided into discrete categories.

    有機(jī)體可分為許多互不相聯(lián)的種類。

    Social structures are not discrete objects; they overlap and interweave.

    社會結(jié)構(gòu)之間不是離散的,他們相互重疊交織。

    拓展:

    同:uncontinuous, incontinuous

    派:discretion 自由裁量權(quán);謹(jǐn)慎;判斷力;判定;考慮周到

    discreteness 組件;不連續(xù)性(目標(biāo)對于背景的顯明度)

    19. discretion [d??skre?n] n.

    n. 自行決定的自由,自行決定權(quán);謹(jǐn)慎,慎重,審慎

    構(gòu)詞:dis 加強(qiáng) + cret 搞清;區(qū)別 + ion 表狀態(tài) → 一再搞清楚 → 謹(jǐn)慎

    常用搭配:at sb.’s discretion 由某人斟酌決定;按照某人的意見

    例句:There is no service charge and tipping is at your discretion.

    不收服務(wù)費,給不給小費由你自行決定。

    This is confidential, but I know that I can rely on your discretion.

    這是機(jī)密,不過我知道你靠得住。

    拓展:

    同:freedom, liberty

    20. discriminate [d??skr?m?ne?t] v.

    v. 區(qū)別,辨別,區(qū)分;區(qū)別對待,歧視,偏袒

    構(gòu)詞:dis 加強(qiáng) + crimin 搞清;區(qū)別 + ate 表動詞 → 區(qū)分〔對待〕→ 區(qū)別;歧視

    常用搭配:discriminate between A and B/ discriminate A from B 區(qū)別,辨別,區(qū)分

    discriminate against sb./ discriminate in favour of sb. 區(qū)別對待,歧視,偏袒

    例句:A number of features discriminate this species from others.

    有許多特征使這一物種與其他物種區(qū)別開來。

    It is illegal to discriminate on grounds of race, sex or religion.

    因種族、性別或宗教信仰而有所歧視是非法的。

    拓展:

    派:discriminatory 有辨識力的;差別對待的

    discriminating 識別的;有差別的;有識別力的

    discriminative 區(qū)別的,歧視的;有識別力的

    discriminable 可辨別的;可分別的

    discrimination 歧視;區(qū)別,辨別;識別力

    discriminator [電子] 鑒別器;辨別者

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